Diagnosis and Glycemic Control of Type 1 Diabetes.

Kim,  Jae Hyun

doi:2015.16.2.101

J Korean Diabetes > Volume 16(2); 2015 > Article

Focused Issue

The Journal of Korean Diabetes 2015;16(2):101-107.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2015.16.2.101 Published online June 30, 2015.

제1형 당뇨병 환자의 진단 및 혈당조절 목표

김재현

Diagnosis and Glycemic Control of Type 1 Diabetes.

Jae Hyun Kim

Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea. pedendo@paik.ac.kr

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by an immune-mediated beta-cell destruction that causes lifelong insulin dependency. Diagnosis of diabetes is based on fasting glucose, 2-h plasma glucose value after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Differentiation between type 1 and 2 diabetes is important for both education and treatment. Diabetes-associated autoantibodies, c-peptide and clinical characteristics should be considered to confirm the diagnosis of T1DM. A single HbA1c target of < 7.5% across all pediatric age groups is recommended. In nonpregnant adults, a reasonable HbA1c goal is < 7.0% to reduce the incidence of microvascular complications of T1DM. Glycemic targets should be individualized according to lifestyle, psychosocial and medical circumstances.

Key Words: Diagnosis, Glycemic target, Type 1 diabetes